• Contents
  • Search this book
  • Sonnet Help
  • Using Sonnet
    • Introduction to Sonnet
      • Sonnet Overview
      • What are Sonnet's Capabilities?
    • Translating Circuits
      • Interfaces
        • AWR Microwave Office Interface
          • AWR Microwave Office Interface Overview
        • Cadence Virtuoso Interface
          • Getting Started with Sonnet's Cadence Virtuoso Interface
          • Sonnet - Create Sonnet em View
          • Sonnet - Delete Sonnet em View
          • Sonnet - Open Interface Application
          • Sonnet - Convert Tech Process Files
          • Design Section
          • Setup Options
          • Analysis Box
            • Analysis Box Options dialog box
          • Frequencies
            • Frequencies dialog box
              • Add Frequency Type dialog box
                • Choosing the DC Point Frequency
              • Edit Frequency Type dialog box
          • Models
            • Touchstone S-Parameter Model Options dialog box
            • Broadband Spice Model Options dialog box
            • N-Coupled Line Model Options dialog box
            • Inductor Model Options dialog box
            • Spectre S-Parameter Model Options dialog box
            • Advanced Model Options dialog box
              • Model Symbol Options dialog box
          • Ports
            • Ports dialog box
            • Edit Port dialog box
            • Pin Placement in Cadence Virtuoso
          • Analysis
            • Analysis Options dialog box
              • Advanced Subsectioning Options dialog box
              • Advanced Project Options dialog box
              • Advanced Translation Options dialog box
              • Advanced ABS Options dialog box
              • Summary of Options
          • Substrate File for Cadence Virtuoso
            • Substrate File Setup dialog box
              • Load Substrate File dialog box
              • Load Technology File dialog box
              • Edit Mapping Layer dialog box
              • Material Setup dialog box
                • Edit Sonnet Material dialog box
              • Dielectric Setup dialog box
              • Adding a Substrate File to a Technology Library
                • Edit Sonnet Dielectric dialog box
          • Session Menu
            • Session - Sonnet EMWindow
            • Session - CIW Window
            • Session - Save State
            • Session - Load State
            • Session - Revert to Defaults
            • Session - Quit
          • Setup Menu
            • Setup - Design
            • Setup - Directories
            • Setup - Units
          • Tools Menu
            • Tools - Project Viewer/Editor
              • View 2D
              • View 3D
              • Edit
            • Tools - View Stackup
            • Tools - Convert Tech Process Files
              • Convert Assura Process File to Sonnet ".matl" File
              • Convert Helic Technology File to Sonnet ".matl" File
              • Convert Keysight Process File to Sonnet ".matl" File
              • Convert Synopsys Technology File to Sonnet ".matl" File
              • Convert Sonnet ".son" File to Sonnet ".matl" File
            • Tools - View Subsections
            • Tools - Translate Only
            • Tools - Properties
              • Tools - Properties - Show Properties
              • Tools - Properties - Load Properties
              • Tools - Properties - Delete Properties
            • Tools - Check Connectivity
            • Tools - Sync Dates
            • Tools - Task Bar
          • Models Menu
            • Models - Touchstone S-Parameters
              • Models - Touchstone S-Parameters - Create View
              • Models - Touchstone S-Parameters - Show View
                • ‪View Touchstone S-Parameters Model dialog box
              • Models ⇒ Touchstone S-Parameters ⇒ Delete View
              • Models ⇒ Touchstone S-Parameters ⇒ Open Data
            • Models - Spectre S-Parameters
              • Models ⇒ Spectre S-Parameters ⇒ Create View
              • Models ⇒ Spectre S-Parameters ⇒ Show View
                • View Spectre S-Parameters Model dialog box
              • Models ⇒ Spectre S-Parameters ⇒ Delete View
              • Models ⇒ Spectre S-Parameters ⇒ Open Data
            • Models - Broadband Spice
              • Models ⇒ Broadband Spice ⇒ Create View
              • Models ⇒ Broadband Spice ⇒ Show View
                • View Broadband Spice Model dialog box
              • Models ⇒ Broadband Spice ⇒ Delete View
              • Models ⇒ Broadband Spice ⇒ Open Data
            • Models - N-Coupled Line
              • Models ⇒ N-Coupled Line ⇒ Create View
              • Models ⇒ N-Coupled Line ⇒ Show View
                • View N-Coupled Line Model dialog box
              • Models ⇒ N-Coupled Line ⇒ Delete View
              • Models ⇒ N-Coupled Line ⇒ Open Data
            • Models - Inductor
              • Models ⇒ Inductor ⇒ Create View
              • Models ⇒ Inductor ⇒ Show View
                • View Inductor Model dialog box
              • Models ⇒ Inductor ⇒ Delete View
              • Models ⇒ Inductor ⇒ Open Data
            • Models ⇒ Create All Model Views
            • Models ⇒ Delete All Model Views
          • Analysis Menu
            • Analysis - Estimate Memory
              • Estimate Memory Results Window
            • Analysis - Estimate Box Resonances
            • Analysis - Simulate
            • Analysis - Simulate and Release
            • Analysis - Unlock Project
            • Analysis - Clean Data
          • Results Menu
            • Results - View Response
            • Results - View Currents
            • Results - Auto Documentation
            • Results - View Far Field
            • Results - View Log
        • Keysights ADS Interface
        • Stackup Viewer
      • Translators
        • DXF Translator
        • GDSII Translator
        • Gerber Translator
          • Netex-G Window
            • Stackup
            • Gerber File
            • View Layer
            • Layer Name
            • Layer Type
            • Layer Details
            • Reversal
            • Drills Window
            • Window dialog box
              • Gerber Importer Window
            • Import button
            • Netex-G Help
        • ODB++ Translator
          • ODB++ Import Window
        • Import Wizard
          • Import File
          • Import Structure
          • Layer Mapping
            • DXF Layer Mapping
            • GDSII Layer Mapping
            • Gerber Layer Mapping
          • Import Options
          • Import Advanced Options
          • ‫Import Via Options
            • Auto Height Vias
          • Import Via Array Options
          • Import Results
        • Export Wizard
          • Export Options
          • Export Layer Mapping (DXF & GDSII Only)
      • Via Simplification
        • Introduction
        • Via Array Simplification
          • Via Array Criteria
          • Additional Simplify Via Array Options
          • Simplify Via Array Options
            • Minimum Arrays in Via
            • Maximum Distance to Size Ratio
            • Maximum Size to Size Ratio
            • Max Expansion Coefficient
            • Merge Planar Polygons During Simplification
          • Number of New Via Metals Created
          • Simplified Via Array Loss
        • Bar Via Group Simplification
    • Sonnet Session Window
      • Sonnet Session Window Overview
      • Reconfiguring Sonnet Windows
      • Session Manager Panel
      • Sonnet Session Tab Menus
        • File
          • File - New Geometry
          • File - New Netlist
          • File - Edit Project
          • File - Recent Files
          • File - Import
            • Import - Unpack Project
            • Import - DXF
            • Import - GDSII
            • Import - Gerber
            • Import - ODB++
          • File - Browse Examples
          • File - Analyze
          • File - Graph Response
          • File - View Current
          • File - Plot Far Field Pattern
          • File - Session
            • Session - Save Session
            • Session - Save Session As
            • Session - Load Session
            • Session - Append Session
          • File - Close Session Tab
          • File - Exit Sonnet
        • Edit Menu
          • Edit - Preferences
            • General
            • Keyboard
            • Hints/ Tips
        • Manage Projects
          • Pack Project dialog box
            • Additional Files dialog box
          • Unpack Project dialog box
          • Clean Data dialog box
          • Unlock dialog box
          • Unmap External Files dialog box
          • Send to Sonnet dialog box
        • Admin
          • Admin - License
          • Admin - Third Party Interfaces
          • Admin - Setup
            • License
              • Setup
                • Default License Location
                • You have a Node-Locked license (purchased or evaluation)
                • You have a Floating License (purchased or evaluation)
                • You have a triple redundant server
                • You have a Firewall
                • You want a stand alone server
                • You want a shared Sonnet directory
                • You want to install a license on Windows but do not have administrator privileges
              • Setup Sonnet Lite
              • Host IDs
              • License ID
              • Status
              • Restrict Suite
            • Threads
            • Em Server Settings
              • Jobs
              • Advanced
            • Em Server List
              • Remote Status dialog box
            • Cluster Computing
            • 3rd Party Interfaces
              • Info
              • ADS
              • Virtuoso
              • MWO
              • User Model
          • Admin - Diagnostics
            • License Checksum
            • Trouble Report
            • Explore Sonnet Install Folder
            • Explore Sonnet Data Folder
            • Set Trace Settings
            • Edit sonnet.ini File
            • Environment
            • Command Window
            • View License File
            • View FLEXnet Log
        • Window
          • Managing Tabs
          • Toolbars and Panels
            • Sonnet Task Bar
            • Managing Toolbars and Panels
    • Editing a Project
      • Opening the Project Editor
      • Project Editor tab - Geometry Editor
      • Project Editor tab - Stackup Manager
        • Copy Dielectric
        • Delete Dielectric
        • Technology Layers
      • Project Editor tab - Netlist Editor
      • Project Editor Keyboard Shortcuts
      • Working with Polygons
        • Keyboard Entry of Points and Polygons
        • Editing Your Geometry
        • What loss is used when two polygons of different metal types overlap?
        • How do I move a polygon to a different metal level?
        • How do I measure objects and/or distances in my circuit?
      • Project Editor Menus
        • File Menu
          • File - New Geometry
          • File - New Netlist
          • File - Open
          • File - Recent Files
          • File - Import
            • Import - DXF
            • Import - GDSII
            • Import - Gerber
            • Import - ODB++
          • File - Edit Technology File
            • CAD Layer Mapping
          • File - Browse Examples
          • File - Save
          • File - Save As
          • File - Save As Template
          • File - Export
            • Export - Image
            • Export - Technology File
            • Export - DXF
            • Export - GDSII
            • Export - Gerber(Windows Only)
            • Export - Legacy Project
          • File - Revert
          • File - Manage Project
          • File - Print
          • File - Close Project
          • File - Exit Sonnet
        • Edit Menu
          • Edit - Undo
          • Edit - Redo
          • Edit - Cut
          • Edit - Copy
          • Edit - Copy Image
          • Edit - Paste
          • Edit - Delete
          • Edit - Pointer
          • Edit - Edit Points
          • Edit - Clip
          • Edit - Divide
          • Edit - Boolean Operations
            • Boolean Operations - Union
            • Boolean Operations - Subtract
            • Boolean Operations - Trim
            • Boolean Operations - Intersect
          • Edit - Measure
          • Edit - Grid Snap
          • Edit - Ortho
          • Edit - All Level Select
          • Edit - All Level Divide
          • Edit - Preferences
            • General
            • New Project
            • Print
            • Keyboard
            • Hints/Tips
        • View Menu
          • View - Zoom
          • View - Zoom In
          • View - Zoom Out
          • View - Full View
          • View - Previous View
          • View - Pan
          • View - New Editor View
          • View - 3D Geometry View
          • View - View Subsections
          • View - Up One Level
          • View - Down One Level
          • View - Hide/Show Objects
          • View - Metal View
          • View - Options
            • General
            • Select Filter
            • Visibility
            • Levels
            • Snap/Ortho
            • Aspect Ratio
          • View - Redraw
          • View - Rotate (3D View)
          • View - Scrub Zoom (3D View)
          • View - Default View (3D View)
          • View - Top View (3D View)
          • View - Front View (3D View)
          • View - Side View (3D View)
          • View - Bottom View (3D View)
          • View - Project Editor View (3D View)
          • View - New 3D View (3D View)
          • View - Hide One Level Up (3D View)
          • View - Hide One Level Down (3D View)
          • View - Hide/Show Objects (3D View)
          • View - Effects (3D View)
          • View - Options (3D View)
        • Insert Menu
          • Insert - Draw Rectangle
          • Insert - Draw Polygon
          • Insert - Metal
            • Metal - Draw Metal Rectangle
            • Metal - Draw Metal Polygon
            • Metal - Metal Rectangle
            • Metal - Parallel Lines
            • Metal - Circle/Ellipse
            • Metal - Donut
            • Metal - Rectangular Spiral
            • Metal - N Sided Spiral
            • Metal - Round Spiral
            • Metal - Meander
            • Metal - Fan Stub
            • Metal - Interdigital Cap
            • Metal - Lange
          • Insert - Via
            • Via - Draw Via Rectangle
            • Via - Draw Via Polygon
            • Via - Via Rectangle
            • Via - Circular Via
            • Via - Edge Via
            • Via - Up One Level
            • Via - Down One Level
            • Via - Down to Ground
          • Insert - Brick
            • Brick - Draw Brick Rectangle
            • Brick - Draw Brick Polygon
            • Brick - Rectangle
          • Insert - Port
          • Insert - Component
            • Component - Data File
            • Component - Ideal Component
            • Component - Ports Only
            • Component - Sonnet Project
              • Model Parameters dialog box
            • Component - User Model
              • Model Browser dialog box
            • Component Label
            • Component Ground Reference
            • Physical Size
          • Insert - Dimension Parameter
            • Dimension Parameter - Anchored
            • Dimension Parameter - Symmetric
            • Dimension Parameter - Radial
          • Insert - Dimension
          • Insert - Feedline
          • Insert - Subdivider
            • Subdivider Orientation dialog box
          • Insert - Add Modeled Element (Netlist Only)
            • Resistor
            • Capacitor
            • Inductor
            • Transmission Line
            • Transmission Line Physical
            • Coupled Coils
            • VC Current Source
            • VC Voltage Source
            • CC Current Source
            • CC Voltage Source
          • Insert - Add Project Element (Netlist Only)
          • Insert - Add Data Element (Netlist Only)
          • Insert – Add User Model Element (Netlist Only)
            • User Data Component Editor (Netlist Only)
          • Insert - Add Network Element (Netlist Only)
          • Insert- New Network (Netlist Only)
        • Object Menu
          • Object - Metal Properties
          • Object - Via Properties
          • Object - Brick Properties
          • Object - Edge Via Properties
          • Object - Port Properties
            • Delta Gap Port Properties
            • Co-calibrated Port Properties
            • Via Port Properties
            • Box-wall Port Properties
            • Component Port Properties
          • Object - Parameter Properties
            • Move Points the Same Distance
            • Scale Points in One Direction
            • Scale Points in x and y
          • Object - Component Properties
            • Editing a component and component ports
          • Object - Local Origin
          • Object - Move
          • Object - Flip
          • Object - Rotate
          • Object - Resize
          • Object - Snap to
          • Object - Center
          • Object - Modify Point Set
          • Object - Modify Right Point Set
          • Object - Modify Left Point Set
          • Object - Modify Top Point Set
          • Object - Modify Bottom Point Set
          • Object- Convert to Via Polygon
          • Object - Convert to Brick
          • Object - Convert to Metal
          • Object - Edit Element (Netlist Only)
          • Object - Edit Network (Netlist Only)
          • Object - Edit Subproject (Netlist Only)
          • Object - Analyze Subproject (Netlist Only)
          • Object - Graph Subproject (Netlist Only)
          • Object - View Subproject Current (Netlist Only)
          • Object - View Subproject Far Field (Netlist Only)
        • Select Menu
          • Select - Select All
          • Select - Select Matching Planar Polygons
          • Select - Select Matching Via Polygons
          • Select - Select Matching Brick Polygons
          • Select - Select Dependents
          • Select - None
          • Select - Reselect
        • Circuit Menu
          • Circuit - Estimate Memory
          • Circuit - Estimate Box Resonances
          • Circuit - Check Connectivity
          • Circuit - Subdivide Circuit
          • Circuit - Technology File
            • Load
            • Link
            • Edit
          • Circuit - Settings
            • Units
            • Box
              • Box Tab
                • Cell Size Calculator
                  • Interactive Cell Size Calculator
                  • Cell Size Wizard
                    • Set Tolerance
                    • Results
              • Local Origin
            • Dielectric Layers
              • Dielectric Editor
              • Dielectric Library
            • Tech Layers
              • Technology Layer Editor
                • Polygon Meshing Properties
              • Auto Create Tech Layers
              • Tech Layer Mapping dialog box
            • Metals/Bricks
              • Planar metals
                • Planar Metal Editor dialog box
                  • Normal Metal Model
                  • Thick Metal Model
                  • TrueVolume Metal Model
                  • Resistor Metal Model
                  • Rdc/Rrf Metal Model
                  • General Model
                  • Rough Metal Model
                  • Sense Metal Model
                  • Metal Library dialog box
                  • Current Ratio
              • Via Metals
                • Via Metal Editor dialog box
                  • Volume Loss Model
                  • Array Loss Model
                  • Surface Loss Model
              • Brick dielectrics
                • Brick Editor dialog box
            • Ports
            • Variables
              • Add/Edit Variable dialog box
                • Interpolation
                • Tuning
                • Optimization
            • EM Options - Geometry
              • Advanced Options
              • Configure ABS
              • Advanced Subsectioning
            • Em Options - Netlist
            • Sweeps
              • Sweep Set
                • Override Analysis Options dialog box
                • Frequency Sweeps
                  • Adaptive Sweep (ABS)
                  • Linear Sweep
                  • Exponential Sweep
                  • Frequency List
                  • Single Frequency
                  • DC Frequency
                • Parameter Sweeps
                  • Linear Parameter Sweep
                  • Exponential Parameter Sweep
                  • Value List Parameter Sweep
                  • Single Value Parameter Sweep
                  • Corner Parameter Sweep
                  • Sensitivity Parameter Sweep
            • Optimization
              • Goals
                • Goal Set
                  • Goal Editor dialog box
                    • Value Supplied Response
                    • Network Supplied Response
                    • File Supplied Response
              • Results
            • Output Files
              • S, Y, Z Parameters
              • Pi Model
              • N-Coupled Line Model
              • Broadband Spice Model
                • Advanced Broadband Model Options dialog box
              • Inductor Model
                • Center Tapped Topology
                • Untapped Topology
                • Advanced Inductor Model Extraction Options dialog box
            • Startup Graphs
            • Comments
        • Launch Menu
        • Window
          • Window - Toolbars and Panels
            • Toolbars and Panels - Session
            • Toolbars and Panels - Stackup Manager
            • Toolbars and Panels - Readout
            • Toolbars and Panels - File
            • Toolbars and Panels - Edit (Geometry Project)
            • Toolbars and Panels - Edit (Netlist Project)
            • Toolbars and Panels - View
            • Toolbars and Panels - Levels
            • Toolbars and Panels - Circuit
            • Toolbars and Panels - Modes
            • Toolbars and Panels - Insert
            • Toolbars and Panels - Tools (Netlist)
            • Toolbars and Panels - Edit Tools
            • Toolbars and Panels - Objects
            • Toolbars and Panels - Launch
            • Toolbars and Panels - Tool Button Text
            • Toolbars and Panels - Lock Toolbars and Panels
            • Toolbars and Panels - Save Window Layout
            • Toolbars and Panels - Load Window Layout
            • Toolbars and Panels - Reset Window Layout
    • Important Modeling Concepts
      • The Sonnet Box
      • Introduction to Loss
      • What is de-embedding?
      • Introduction to Sonnet meshing (subsectioning)
    • Analyzing a Project
      • Opening the Job Queue tab
        • Select Server dialog box
      • Job Queue tab
        • Job Queue tool bar
          • Disconnect
          • Reconnect
        • Job Queue Menu Commands
          • File Menu
            • File - New
            • File - Add Project
            • File - Import Project List
            • File - Export Project List
            • File - Change Server
            • File - Server List
            • File - Exit Sonnet
          • Edit Menu
            • Edit - Preferences
              • General
              • Keyboard
              • Hints/Tips
          • Run Menu
            • Run - Run
            • Run - Continue
            • Run - Pause
            • Run - Stop
            • Run - Auto Start
            • Run - Manual Start
            • Run - Timed Start
            • Run - Set Start Time
          • Manage Project Menu
          • Launch Menu
          • Window Menu
            • Toolbars and Panels
    • Viewing Results after Analysis
      • Graph Tab
        • Opening a Graph Tab
        • Graph Tab Window
          • Curves Panel
          • Terminations Panel
        • Graph Tab Keyboard Shortcuts
        • Graph Tab Menu Commands
          • File Menu
            • File - New Graph
            • File - Open
            • File - Add to Graph
            • File - Save
            • File - Save As
            • File - Save As Template
            • File - Export Image
            • File - Print
            • File - Close Tab
            • File - Exit Sonnet
          • Edit Menu
            • Edit - Copy Image
            • Edit - Preferences
              • General
              • Curve Colors
              • New Graph
              • Print
              • Keyboard
              • Hints/Tips
          • View Menu
            • View - Zoom
            • View - Zoom In
            • View - Zoom Out
            • View - Full View
            • View - Auto Scale
            • View - Legend
            • View - Grid
            • View - Symbols
            • View - Markers
            • View - Redraw
          • Output Menu
            • Output - S, Y, Z-Parameter File
            • Output - Pi Model
              • PI Model Options
            • Output - N-Coupled Line Model File
            • Output - Broadband Model File
              • Broadband Spice Details dialog box
              • Broadband Spice Model
            • Output - Inductor Model File
            • Output - All Curves to Spreadsheet
            • Select Parameter dialog box
          • Graph Menu
            • Graph - Manage Curves
              • Curves Section
              • Measurement Section
                • Port Parameters
                  • S, Y, Z-Parameters
                  • Input Impedance
                  • VSWR
                • Transmission Lines
                  • Line Z0
                  • Line Eeff
                • Basic R,L,C Values
                  • Inductance1
                  • Resistance1
                  • Capacitance1
                  • Q-Factor1
                  • Inductance2
                  • Resistance2
                  • Capacitance2
                • Pi-Equivalent R,L,C Values
                • Inductors and Transformers
                  • Inductance1
                  • Resistance1
                  • Q-Factor1
                  • Inductance2
                  • Inductance3
                  • Resistance2
                  • Resistance3
                  • Q-Factor3
                  • CT-LDiff
                  • CT-RDiff
                  • CT_QDiff
                  • UT_LDiff
                  • UT_RDiff
                  • UT_QDiff
                  • L, M, K, R-Transformer
                • Specialized Equations
                  • Loss Factor
                  • GMax
                  • Difference
                  • Directivity
                  • Group Delay (ns)
              • Measurement Properties
              • Select Parameters dialog box
              • Select Ports dialog box
            • Graph - Apply Template
            • Graph - Plot Over
            • Graph - Options
              • General
              • Units
              • Markers
                • General
                • Data
                • Line
                • Line Segment
                • Curve
                • Note
                • Delta
              • Status Bar Options
              • Terminations
              • Axis Properties
                • X-Axis
                • Left Axis
                • Right Axis
            • Graph - User Equations
              • Graph - User Equation Editor
            • Graph - Tune
              • Enable/Disable Parameters
              • Select Tuned Curves
            • Graph - New Smith Chart
            • Graph - New Cartesian Plot
            • Graph - Refresh
            • Remove Unused Sources
          • Launch Menu
          • Window Menu
            • Window - Toolbars and Panels
              • Toolbars and Panels - Session
              • Toolbars and Panels - Curves
              • Toolbars and Panels - Terminations
              • Toolbars and Panels - File
              • Toolbars and Panels - View
              • Toolbars and Panels - Launch
              • Toolbars and Panels - Graph
      • Current Density Tab
        • Opening a Current Density Tab
        • Current Density Tab Window
        • Current Density Keyboard Shortcuts
        • Current Density Menu Commands
          • File Menu
            • File - Open
            • File - Recent Files
            • File - Export
              • Export Image
              • Export Data
            • File - Print
            • File - Close Project
            • File - Exit Sonnet
          • Edit Menu
            • Edit - Copy Image
            • Edit - Preferences
              • General
              • New View
              • Print
              • Keyboard
              • Hints/Tips
          • View Menu
            • View - Zoom
            • View - Zoom In
            • View - Zoom Out
            • View - Full View
            • View - Previous View
            • View - New Current View
            • View - 3D Current View
            • View - Up One Level
            • View - Down One Level
            • View - Subsections
            • View - Mesh Type
            • View - Mesh Type - Via
            • View - GLG Metal
            • View - Hide/Show Objects
            • View - Options
            • View - Redraw
            • View - Rotate (3D View)
            • View - Scrub Zoom (3D View)
            • View - Pan (3D View)
            • View - Default View (3D View)
            • View - Top View (3D View)
            • View - Front View (3D View)
            • View - Side View (3D View)
            • View - Bottom View (3D View)
            • View - Project Editor View (3D View)
            • View - New 3D Geometry View (3D View)
            • View - New 3D Current View (3D View)
            • View - Current View (3D View)
            • View - Hide One Level Up
            • View - Hide One Level Down
            • View - Effects (3D View)
            • View - Options (3D View)
          • Plot Menu
            • Plot - Response
            • Plot - Parameters
            • Plot - Ports
            • Plot - Scale
          • Animation Menu
            • Animation - Animate View
            • Animation - Settings
            • Animation - Play
            • Animation - Play Reverse
            • Animation - Step Backward
            • Animation - Step Forward
            • Animation - Go to Start
            • Animation - Go to End
            • Animation - Stop
            • Animation - Continuous Play
            • Animation - Exit Animation
          • Launch Menu
          • Window
            • Toolbars and Panels
              • Toolbars and Panels - Session
              • Toolbars and Panels - Stackup Manager
              • Toolbars and Panels - Scale
              • Toolbars and Panels - File
              • Toolbars and Panels - View
              • Toolbars and Panels - Animation Controls
              • Toolbars and Panels - Levels
              • Toolbars and Panels - Launch
              • Toolbars and Panels - Tool Button Text
              • Toolbars and Panels - Lock Toolbars and Panels
      • Far Field Pattern Tab
        • Opening a Far Field Pattern Tab
        • Far Field Pattern Tab Window
          • Curves Panel
          • Normalization Panel
        • Spherical Coordinate System
        • Far Field Pattern Tab Keyboard Shortcuts
        • Far Field Pattern Tab Menu Commands
          • File Menu
            • File - Open
            • File - Add to Graph
            • File - Save
            • File - Save As
            • File - Save As Template
            • File - Export Image
            • File - Print
            • File - Close Tab
            • File - Exit Sonnet
          • Edit Menu
            • Edit - Copy Image
            • Edit - Preferences
              • General
              • Curve Colors
              • New Graph
              • Print
              • Keyboard
              • Hints/Tips
          • View Menu
            • View - Zoom
            • View - Zoom In
            • View - Zoom Out
            • View - Full View
            • View - Auto Scale
            • View - Legend
            • View - Grid
            • View - Symbols
            • View - Markers
            • View - Redraw
          • Output Menu
          • Graph Menu
            • Graph - Calculations
            • Graph - Manage Curves
              • Curves Section
              • Measurement Section
              • Select Parameters dialog box
              • Select Ports dialog box
              • Plot Select
            • Graph - Apply Template
            • Graph - Plot Over
            • Graph - Graph Options
              • General
              • Units
              • Markers
                • General
                • Data
                • Line
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                • Curve
                • Note
                • Delta
              • Status Bar Options
              • Normalization
              • Axis Properties
                • X-Axis
                • Left Axis
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            • Graph - New Polar Plot
            • Graph - New Cartesian Plot
            • Graph - New 3D View
              • 3D Options
                • General
                • Normalization
                • Polarization
                • Colors
            • Remove Unused Sources
          • Launch Menu
          • Window Menu
            • Window - Toolbars and Panels
              • Toolbars and Panels - Session
              • Toolbars and Panels - Curves
              • Toolbars and Panels - Normalization
              • Toolbars and Panels - File
              • Toolbars and Panels - View
              • Toolbars and Panels - Launch
              • Toolbars and Panels - Graph
      • Graph and Pattern Templates
      • Graph and Pattern Markers
        • Line Segment Marker dialog box
        • Data Marker Properties dialog box
          • Data Marker Search dialog box-Graph
        • Curve Marker Properties dialog box
        • Line Marker Properties dialog box
        • Delta Marker Properties dialog box
        • Note Marker Properties dialog box
    • Equation Syntax
      • Equation Examples
      • Functions and Operators
      • Constants
      • Equations (Graph tab only)
      • Arguments (Graph tab only)
  • Tips and App Notes
    • Modeling a Metal Plating Finishing Process
    • Efficient Sonnet Meshing
    • How do I create a thin film resistor?
    • Using Even and Odd Mode Parameters
    • Modeling Co-planar Waveguide (CPW) in Sonnet
    • Viewing Tangential Electric Fields
  • Known Bugs
    • How to report a fatal error
    • Polygons with Diagonal Fill are Open Circuited
    • Numerical Precision Problems
    • ADS gives syntax error in library definition
  • Glossary
    • Adaptive Data
    • Administrator Privileges
    • Cell
    • Conductivity
    • Curve
    • Data Point
    • Design Environment
    • Dielectric Loss Tangent
    • Discrete Data
    • Edge Via
    • Erel
    • Floating License
    • Geometry Elements
    • Independent Polygon
    • License
    • License File
    • License Manager
    • License Server
    • Magnetic loss tangent
    • Local Polygon
    • Measurement
    • Mrel
    • Node Lock License
    • Relative dielectric constant
    • Relative magnetic permeability
    • Resistance per Via
    • Resistivity
    • Session
    • Sheet Resistance at DC
    • Site License
    • Snapped
    • Template File
    • Transmission Line Parameters
    • Queue tab
    • Using Variables in a Dialog Box
  • Administration and Installation
    • System Info
    • Legal Notices
      • EULA (All Products Except Lite)
      • EULA (Lite Only)
      • Trademarks and Legal Notices
    • FlexNet Guides